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Patient case: Peptic Ulcer

Discussion

A 38-year-old male presents to the clinic with complaints of persistent epigastric pain for the last three weeks. He describes the pain as a burning sensation that starts about 30 minutes after eating, often worsening after consuming acidic foods or spicy meals. He notes that the discomfort is relieved temporarily by taking antacids. The patient also mentions that he wakes up several times during the night with pain, which is alleviated by drinking water or eating something small. He denies any significant weight loss, vomiting, or changes in his bowel habits.

His medical history is significant for mild hypertension, for which he takes an antihypertensive medication, and occasional back pain, for which he has been using ibuprofen. He admits to consuming alcohol on weekends (around 4-5 drinks per week) and has been smoking half a pack of cigarettes daily for the last 10 years.

On physical examination, he appears well, with stable vital signs. Abdominal examination reveals mild tenderness in the epigastric region without guarding or rebound tenderness. No other abnormalities are noted on examination.

Given his history of NSAID use, alcohol consumption, and smoking, along with his characteristic symptoms, the physician suspects peptic ulcer disease and orders a test for H. pylori infection, as well as an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy for further evaluation.

Diagnosis: Peptic Ulcer Disease, likely secondary to H. pylori infection and/or NSAID use.

Questions
1. What is the most likely diagnosis for this patient with epigastric pain, especially after meals and at night, which is relieved by food or antacids?

A) Gallbladder disease

B) Irritable bowel syndrome

C) Peptic ulcer disease

D) Pancreatitis

2. What is the most common cause of peptic ulcers in this patient, considering his medical history and lifestyle?

A) Smoking and alcohol consumption

B) Helicobacter pylori infection

C) Stress

D) Autoimmune diseases

3. Which of the following is a common risk factor for peptic ulcer disease in this patient?

A) Hypertension

B) NSAID use

C) High-fiber diet

D) Lack of sleep

4. What diagnostic test is most appropriate to confirm the suspected diagnosis of peptic ulcer disease in this patient?

A) Abdominal ultrasound

B) Colonoscopy

C) Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy

D) X-ray of the abdomen

Reveal answers

Answers

1. C) Peptic ulcer disease

2. B) Helicobacter pylori infection

3. B) NSAID use

4. C) Upper gastrointestinal endosc

opy

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