Patient case: Erythrasma
A 42-year-old male from a tropical rural region presented to a local clinic with a two-month history of reddish-brown, scaly patches on his inner thighs and groin area. The lesions were non-itchy but had progressively expanded, forming well-demarcated plaques with a wrinkled texture. He reported mild discomfort, particularly in hot and humid conditions.
His medical history was unremarkable, except for long-standing type 2 diabetes mellitus, which was poorly controlled due to limited access to medication. He worked as a farmer, spending long hours in warm, damp conditions. Physical examination revealed hyperpigmented, slightly macerated plaques in intertriginous areas without active inflammation or pustules. Wood’s lamp examination showed a characteristic coral-red fluorescence, raising suspicion of erythrasma.
A Gram stain of skin scrapings revealed Gram-positive rods, and a bacterial culture confirmed Corynebacterium minutissimum. The patient was advised on proper hygiene and prescribed oral erythromycin, along with topical fusidic acid. Follow-up after two weeks showed significant improvement, with fading lesions and no new spread. He was counseled on diabetes management and preventive measures to reduce recurrence.
a) Staphylococcus aureus
b) Corynebacterium minutissimum
c) Candida albicans
d) Trichophyton rubrum
a) KOH preparation
b) Wood’s lamp examination
c) Skin biopsy
d) Tzanck smear
a) Topical corticosteroids
b) Oral fluconazole
c) Oral erythromycin
d) Intravenous vancomycin
a) Excessive sun exposure
b) Poorly controlled diabetes
c) Frequent antibiotic use
d) Recent travel history
Answers
- b) Corynebacterium minutissimum
- Erythrasma is caused by Corynebacterium minutissimum, a Gram-positive rod that thrives in warm, moist environments, commonly affecting intertriginous areas.
- b) Wood’s lamp examination
- Under a Wood’s lamp, Corynebacterium minutissimum produces a characteristic coral-red fluorescence due to porphyrin production, distinguishing it from fungal and other bacterial infections.
- c) Oral erythromycin
- While mild cases can be treated with topical antibiotics like fusidic acid or clindamycin, oral erythromycin is preferred for extensive or persistent infections, ensuring complete eradication.
- b) Poorly controlled diabetes
- Diabetes, especially when uncontrolled, creates an ideal environment for Corynebacterium minutissimum to proliferate due to increased skin moisture, compromised immunity, and altered skin microbiota.
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