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Patient case: Patent Urachus

Discussion

A 2-week-old boy is brought to the pediatric clinic by his parents, who have noticed persistent wetness around the umbilical area. The mother mentions that the baby’s umbilical stump fell off at the usual time, but a small, continuous discharge of clear fluid has been observed coming from the belly button ever since. The baby is otherwise healthy, feeding well, and has no signs of infection.

On examination, a small opening in the umbilicus is noted, from which clear fluid is intermittently draining. A diagnosis of patent urachus is suspected, a condition in which the connection between the bladder and the umbilicus, which typically closes during fetal development, remains open. This results in the abnormal discharge of urine or fluid from the umbilical area.

A renal ultrasound is performed, confirming that the bladder is connected to the umbilicus through a patent urachus. The pediatric urologist is consulted, and the family is informed about the condition. Conservative management with monitoring is initially recommended, but surgical correction is discussed if the discharge does not resolve, or if complications arise, such as infection or urinary tract issues.

The family is provided with detailed education about patent urachus, and a follow-up plan is made to assess the condition over the coming weeks.

Questions
1. What was the primary symptom that led to the diagnosis of patent urachus in this newborn?

A) Fever and poor feeding

B) Persistent clear fluid drainage from the umbilicus

C) Abdominal distension

D) Vomiting

2. What condition was suspected based on the clinical presentation of a persistent fluid discharge from the umbilicus?

A) Umbilical hernia

B) Patent urachus

C) Umbilical granuloma

D) Bladder exstrophy

3. What diagnostic test was used to confirm the diagnosis of patent urachus?

A) X-ray

B) Renal ultrasound

C) MRI

D) CT scan

4. What is the initial management approach for a newborn with patent urachus?

A) Immediate surgical intervention

B) Conservative management with monitoring

C) Antibiotic therapy

D) Observation without any treatment

Reveal answers

Answers

1. B

2. B

3. B

4. B