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Patient case: Male Epispadias

Discussion

A 2-week-old male infant is brought to the pediatric clinic for a routine check-up. The parents are concerned after noticing an abnormal appearance of the penis. Upon examination, the pediatrician observes that the urethral opening is located on the upper side of the penis, just above the glans, rather than at the tip. There is no associated swelling or discomfort, but the parents are understandably worried about the condition.

The baby is otherwise healthy, feeding well, and has no signs of infection. The diagnosis of male epispadias is made, a rare congenital condition where the urethra is abnormally positioned along the dorsal aspect of the penis. This results in a split or exposed urethra, which can lead to difficulty with urination and potential problems with sexual function in adulthood if left untreated.

The pediatric urologist is consulted to discuss management options, which typically involve surgical repair to reposition the urethral opening and correct any associated anatomical defects. The family is educated about the condition and the planned surgical intervention, which is typically performed between 6 months and 1 year of age to allow for optimal functional and cosmetic outcomes. A follow-up plan is set to monitor the baby's development and plan for the necessary surgical repair.

Questions
1. What was the primary finding that led to the diagnosis of male epispadias in this infant?

A) Abnormal penile size

B) Urethral opening located on the upper side of the penis

C) Inability to urinate

D) Pain and swelling in the scrotum

2. What is the main potential issue that can arise if male epispadias is left untreated?

A) Difficulty with urination and potential sexual function problems

B) Chronic urinary infections

C) Inability to achieve normal growth

D) Delayed motor development

3. What is the typical age range for surgical intervention to correct male epispadias?

A) At birth

B) 1-2 months

C) 6 months to 1 year

D) 3-5 years

4. What is the primary treatment option for male epispadias in this infant?

A) Observation without treatment

B) Surgical repair to reposition the urethral opening

C) Antibiotic therapy

D) Hormonal therapy

Reveal answers

Answers

1. B

2. A

3. C

4. B

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