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Patient case: Granuloma Inguinale

Discussion

A 30-year-old man presents to the clinic with a painless ulcer on his genital area that has been gradually increasing in size over the past three weeks. He reports no pain or discomfort but has noticed that the lesion has a beefy-red appearance and occasionally bleeds upon contact. The ulcer started as a small bump, which then broke open to form the current lesion. He denies any history of trauma or injury to the area.

The patient admits to being sexually active with multiple partners and inconsistent condom use. He has no other symptoms, such as fever or body aches. His medical history is unremarkable, and he has not been treated for any sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the past.

On examination, the physician observes a large, soft, red, ulcerative lesion on the shaft of the penis with rolled edges. The lesion has a characteristic "beefy-red" appearance, and granulation tissue is visible. There is no tenderness, and there are no inguinal lymphadenopathies. Based on the clinical presentation, the diagnosis of granuloma inguinale (donovanosis), a rare STI caused by Klebsiella granulomatis, is considered. A swab of the lesion is taken for diagnostic confirmation through microscopy (Donovan bodies).

The patient is educated on his condition and prescribed antibiotics, specifically doxycycline, for treatment. He is advised to avoid sexual contact until the infection resolves and to inform his recent sexual partners for evaluation. Follow-up is scheduled to assess response to treatment and ensure the lesion heals completely.

Questions
1. What was the primary symptom that led the patient to seek medical attention?

A) Painful urination

B) A painless genital ulcer

C) Discharge from the penis

D) Fever and body aches

2. What characteristic did the ulcer have on physical examination?

A) Red, swollen, and painful

B) Hard and raised with no bleeding

C) Beefy-red, soft, and ulcerated with rolled edges

D) Small, white, and crusted

3. What is the most likely cause of the patient’s genital ulcer?

A) Syphilis

B) Herpes simplex virus

C) Granuloma inguinale (donovanosis)

D) Chancroid

4. What is the initial treatment recommended for granuloma inguinale?

A) Penicillin injection

B) Antiviral therapy

C) Topical antibiotics

D) Oral antibiotics, such as doxycycline

Reveal answers

Answers

1. B) A painless genital ulcer

2. C) Beefy-red, soft, and ulcerated with rolled edges

3. C) Granuloma inguinale (donovanosis)

4. D) Oral antibiotics, such as doxycycline