T was brought to the paediatric clinic by her grandmother, who is concerned about her developmental delays, behavioural issues, and difficulty in school. The grandmother notes that T struggles with fine motor skills and often has trouble following instructions.

T was born at full term via vaginal delivery, but her mother consumed alcohol regularly during pregnancy. The family has a history of alcohol use, and the mother was often stressed and faced socioeconomic challenges. T met some early milestones, but her progress has plateaued. She was delayed in speech and had trouble with social interactions.

Growth Parameters: T is below the 10th percentile for height and weight.

Physical Exam: Facial features suggestive of Foetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) include a smooth philtrum, thin upper lip, and small palpebral fissures. No other congenital anomalies were noted.

Neurological Exam: T exhibits signs of hyperactivity and impulsivity. She has difficulty with tasks requiring concentration and fine motor skills, such as drawing or buttoning her shirt.

Developmental Assessment: Standardized developmental tests indicate significant delays in both cognitive and motor skills.

A developmental screening tool showed marked delays in language and social skills.

No specific laboratory tests were conducted, as the diagnosis was primarily clinical based on maternal history and physical examination findings.

T was diagnosed with Foetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD), likely related to her mother’s alcohol consumption during pregnancy.

1. Multidisciplinary Approach: T was referred to a team including a paediatrician, speech therapist, occupational therapist, and psychologist for comprehensive support.
2. Early Intervention: Individualized educational support was initiated, focusing on language and motor skills development.
3. Family Support: The grandmother was provided with counselling and resources to help her understand T’s needs and the impact of FASD.
4. Follow-Up Care: Regular follow-up appointments were scheduled to monitor T’s development and adjust her care plan as needed.

With early intervention and supportive theraT can make progress in her development. However, FASD is a lifelong condition, and ongoing support will be necessary to help her navigate educational and social challenges.