Patient case: Diabetes mellitus type 1
A 12-year-old child presents to the clinic with a history of increased thirst, frequent urination, and unintended weight loss over the past few weeks. The child’s parents are concerned as their previously active child has become more fatigued and lethargic. They also mention that their child has been waking up multiple times at night to use the bathroom.
On examination, the child appears slightly dehydrated and underweight for their age. There is no history of any recent illness or infections. A random blood glucose test is performed, revealing markedly elevated glucose levels. A follow-up HbA1c test confirms prolonged hyperglycemia.
Based on these findings and the clinical presentation, the diagnosis of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus is made. The patient is started on insulin therapy and provided with education on blood glucose monitoring, diet, and insulin administration.
A) Increased thirst and frequent urination
B) Decreased appetite and weight gain
C) Reduced urination and fatigue
D) High blood pressure and headaches
A) Oral medications
B) Insulin therapy
C) Dietary changes only
D) Physical exercise
A) Complete blood count
B) Blood glucose test
C) Urinalysis
D) Chest X-ray
A) Adults over 40 years
B) Infants under 1 year
C) Children and adolescents
D) Elderly adults over 70 years
