Patient case: Chronic Rhinosinusitis
A 35-year-old female presents with a 10-month history of persistent nasal congestion, facial pressure, and a postnasal drip. She reports a constant sensation of fullness in her face, particularly around the sinuses, along with intermittent headaches that are worse in the morning. She also complains of a reduced sense of smell and taste, and has experienced occasional sore throat and cough, particularly at night. She has tried over-the-counter antihistamines and nasal decongestants without significant relief. Her medical history is significant for allergic rhinitis, but she has no history of asthma or frequent sinus infections. She denies fever, purulent nasal discharge, or dental pain. On physical examination, she has mild tenderness to palpation over the maxillary sinuses, and nasal endoscopy shows mild mucosal swelling in the middle meatus. A CT scan of the sinuses confirms mucosal thickening in the ethmoid and maxillary sinuses, consistent with chronic rhinosinusitis.
Chronic Rhinosinusitis.
The patient is advised to start a combination of nasal corticosteroids and saline nasal irrigation, along with a course of oral antibiotics for possible superimposed bacterial infection. Referral to an ENT specialist is made for further evaluation, including possible surgical intervention if conservative management fails.
A) Acute Rhinosinusitis
B) Chronic Rhinosinusitis
C) Allergic Rhinitis
D) Nasal Polyps
A) Intranasal corticosteroids and saline nasal irrigation
B) Oral antibiotics and antihistamines
C) Nasal decongestants and saline nasal irrigation
D) Surgical intervention alone
A) MRI of the brain
B) CT scan of the sinuses
C) X-ray of the sinuses
D) Nasal endoscopy
A) Tenderness over the maxillary sinuses
B) Swelling of the parotid glands
C) Nasal septal deviation
D) Presence of purulent nasal discharge
Answers
1. B) Chronic Rhinosinusitis
2. A) Intranasal corticosteroids and saline nasal irrigation
3. B) CT scan of the sinuses
4. A) Tenderness over the maxillary sinuses
