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Patient case: Chronic Rhinosinusitis

Discussion

A 35-year-old female presents with a 10-month history of persistent nasal congestion, facial pressure, and a postnasal drip. She reports a constant sensation of fullness in her face, particularly around the sinuses, along with intermittent headaches that are worse in the morning. She also complains of a reduced sense of smell and taste, and has experienced occasional sore throat and cough, particularly at night. She has tried over-the-counter antihistamines and nasal decongestants without significant relief. Her medical history is significant for allergic rhinitis, but she has no history of asthma or frequent sinus infections. She denies fever, purulent nasal discharge, or dental pain. On physical examination, she has mild tenderness to palpation over the maxillary sinuses, and nasal endoscopy shows mild mucosal swelling in the middle meatus. A CT scan of the sinuses confirms mucosal thickening in the ethmoid and maxillary sinuses, consistent with chronic rhinosinusitis.

 

Diagnosis

Chronic Rhinosinusitis.

Management

The patient is advised to start a combination of nasal corticosteroids and saline nasal irrigation, along with a course of oral antibiotics for possible superimposed bacterial infection. Referral to an ENT specialist is made for further evaluation, including possible surgical intervention if conservative management fails.

Questions
1. What is the most likely diagnosis for the patient with a 10-month history of nasal congestion, facial pressure, postnasal drip, and reduced sense of smell and taste?

A) Acute Rhinosinusitis

B) Chronic Rhinosinusitis

C) Allergic Rhinitis

D) Nasal Polyps

2. What is the initial management approach for chronic rhinosinusitis in this patient?

A) Intranasal corticosteroids and saline nasal irrigation

B) Oral antibiotics and antihistamines

C) Nasal decongestants and saline nasal irrigation

D) Surgical intervention alone

3. Which imaging study confirmed the diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis in this patient?

A) MRI of the brain

B) CT scan of the sinuses

C) X-ray of the sinuses

D) Nasal endoscopy

4. What physical examination finding was noted in this patient that is commonly seen in chronic rhinosinusitis?

A) Tenderness over the maxillary sinuses

B) Swelling of the parotid glands

C) Nasal septal deviation

D) Presence of purulent nasal discharge

Reveal answers

Answers

1. B) Chronic Rhinosinusitis

2. A) Intranasal corticosteroids and saline nasal irrigation

3. B) CT scan of the sinuses

4. A) Tenderness over the maxillary sinuses