Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children in Sub-Saharan Africa.
A 6-year-old boy from a suburban area in Uganda is brought to a pediatric clinic by his parents, who are concerned about his social interactions and communication skills. They report that he struggles to make eye contact, prefers to play alone, and has difficulty understanding social cues. His parents have noticed that he often engages in repetitive behaviors, such as lining up his toys in a specific order and frequently spinning objects.
At preschool, teachers have noted that he does not respond when called by name and often seems preoccupied with specific interests, such as counting objects rather than participating in group activities. His parents are worried that he is falling behind in his development compared to other children his age.
During the evaluation, the healthcare provider conducts a developmental assessment, which includes standardized screening tools and interviews with the parents and teachers. The provider diagnoses the child with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), explaining that this condition affects his ability to communicate and interact socially.
The treatment plan involves a combination of applied behavior analysis (ABA) therapy to improve social skills and communication, as well as support for the family to understand and manage his needs. The provider also recommends connecting with local support groups and resources for families of children with autism.
With consistent therapy and support from his family and teachers, the child begins to make gradual progress in his communication skills and social interactions, helping him to feel more comfortable in social settings. Regular follow-up appointments are scheduled to monitor his development and adjust the treatment plan as needed.
A). Frequent tantrums and aggression
B). Difficulty with motor skills and coordination
C). Social interactions and communication skills
D). Poor academic performance
A). Excessive talking and sharing with peers
B). Repetitive behaviours and a preference for solitary play
C). Strong emotional reactions to changes in routine
D). Ability to empathize with others easily
A). Through physical examinations only
B). Using developmental assessments and standardized screening tools
C). Based on parental intuition
D). By observing the child for a single session
A). Medication and strict discipline
B). Applied behaviour analysis (ABA) therapy and family support
C). Traditional herbal remedies and alternative therapies
D). Only educational accommodations in school
