Patient case: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
A 45-year-old male presents to the clinic with complaints of heartburn and regurgitation, which have been persistent for the last six months. The symptoms are worse after eating large meals, particularly when lying down or bending over. He reports a burning sensation in the chest, especially after meals, and occasional sour taste in the mouth due to regurgitation of stomach contents. He denies any significant weight loss or difficulty swallowing but mentions that antacids provide temporary relief. The patient has no significant past medical history and is not on any regular medications.
Upon examination, the patient appears healthy with a normal physical examination. A trial of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) is recommended, and lifestyle modifications, including dietary changes and elevating the head of the bed, are advised. If symptoms persist, further diagnostic tests such as upper endoscopy and pH monitoring may be considered. The working diagnosis is gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
a) Peptic Ulcer Disease
b) Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
c) Achalasia
d) Esophageal Cancer
a) Drinking water
b) Lying down after meals
c) Standing up straight
d) Taking antacids
a) Drinking more carbonated beverages
b) Eating large meals right before bedtime
c) Elevating the head of the bed while sleeping
d) Increasing intake of spicy foods
a) Antibiotics
b) Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI) and lifestyle changes
c) Surgical intervention
d) Steroids
Answers
1. b) Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
2. b) Lying down after meals
3. c) Elevating the head of the bed while sleeping
4. b) Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI) and lifestyle changes
