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Patient case: Appendicitis in a Child

Discussion

A 10-year-old boy was brought to the emergency department with complaints of abdominal pain that had worsened over the past 24 hours. Initially, the pain started around the umbilical area but later shifted to the lower right side of the abdomen. The boy had a low-grade fever (38°C) and had experienced nausea and vomiting. His parents reported that he had a reduced appetite and had not been able to eat much for the past day.

Upon physical examination, the boy showed tenderness in the right lower quadrant of his abdomen, particularly at McBurney’s point. Guarding and rebound tenderness were noted. His heart rate was elevated, and he appeared slightly dehydrated. Laboratory investigations showed an elevated white blood cell count, indicating a possible infection.

An abdominal ultrasound revealed signs of inflammation around the appendix, confirming the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. The boy was taken to surgery, where an appendectomy was performed. Post-operatively, he recovered well and was discharged home after two days with instructions for follow-up care.

The parents were advised on signs of possible complications and the importance of completing the course of antibiotics prescribed to prevent infection.

Questions
1. What was the initial location of the boy’s abdominal pain?

A) Right lower quadrant

B) Around the umbilical area

C) Upper right abdomen

D) Left lower quadrant

2. Which physical examination finding was most indicative of appendicitis?

A) Guarding and rebound tenderness in the lower left abdomen

B) Tenderness at McBurney’s point

C) Generalized abdominal pain

D) Abdominal distension

3. What diagnostic test confirmed the diagnosis of appendicitis in the boy?

A) X-ray

B) CT scan

C) Abdominal ultrasound

D) MRI

4. Which symptom was NOT reported by the parents?

A) Loss of appetite

B) Nausea and vomiting

C) High-grade fever

D) Abdominal pain

Reveal answers

Answers

B) Around the umbilical area

B) Tenderness at McBurney’s point

C) Abdominal ultrasound

C) High-grade fever

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