Vesicoureteral Reflux
A 4-year-old girl was brought to a community health clinic in sub-Saharan Africa by her parents, who reported frequent urinary tract infections and bedwetting. The parents expressed concern, as the child had been wetting the bed almost every night and often complained of abdominal pain.
During the examination, the healthcare worker noted the child's history of recurrent UTIs and growth patterns that were slightly below average for her age. Suspecting vesicoureteral reflux, the healthcare worker explained the condition to the parents, emphasizing how it can lead to infections and kidney damage if not managed properly.
The healthcare worker recommended a referral to a paediatric urologist for further evaluation, including imaging studies to assess the reflux. They also provided education on preventive measures, such as ensuring the child stays well-hydrated and practices good hygiene. The family left the clinic with a clearer understanding of the issue and hope for appropriate treatment.
- A). A blockage in the urinary tract
- B). Abnormal flow of urine from the bladder back into the ureters
- C). Inflammation of the bladder lining
- D). A congenital defect in kidney structure
- A). Fever
- B). Frequent urinary tract infections
- C). Swelling in the legs
- D). Skin rashes
- A). Ultrasound
- B). MRI
- C). Voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG)
- D). CT scan
- A). Chronic dehydration
- B). Kidney damage or scarring
- C). Diabetes
- D). Urinary incontinence
